|
|
Geographical variation in functional traits of European birds
Kopsová, Lenka ; Hořák, David (advisor) ; Remeš, Vladimír (referee)
Each species has specific adaptations to its environment, and since environmental parameters reveal geographic trends, it is reasonable to expect the existence of geographic trends in species characteristics as well. The aim of this study has been to evaluate the effect of environmental conditions on geographic variability of functional traits of European birds. I have analysed the effect of temperature, precipitation, productivity, altitude and habitat type (forest, open habitats, bush, settlements, wetlands) on clutch size, number of clutches per breeding season, egg size, incubation length, age of maturity, body mass, wing, tail, bill and tarsus length. I have used data from the European breeding bird atlas, so that I have calculated mean values of all the traits for quadrats 50x50 km, and then related them to environmental characteristics using OLS and GLS. Clutch size increases with temperature, whereas the number of clutches decreases with it, indicating possible trade-off between clutch size and the number of clutches, whose result is determined by the length of breeding season. Egg size decreases with temperature, possibly due to higher survival of large eggs (and consequently juveniles) in cold regions. Incubation length increases with both temperature and environmental productivity,...
|
|
|
The Use of the spatial data examining methods for definition of rural areas
KROHOVÁ, Zuzana
The aim of this thesis is technical evaluation of existing approaches to defining rural areas in our country, in Europe and in the world. The main result of the work will be a comprehensive proposal for a new definition of rural areas of the Czech Republic by means of spatial data analysis in a geographic information system. The main method of the spatial analysis will be the map algebra, using it to define a new criterion for rural areas. A new proposal for the definition of rural areas of the Czech Republic will be based on a combination of commonly used criterias for defining rural (population, population density, unemployment rate, etc.) along with their processing in GIS (spatial models, overlay operations, spatial statistics and others). The result of this work should serve to further evaluate the proposals and rural areas of sustainable development.
|
guest ::
